Fungal Infections

Overview

Fungal Infections can occur in any part of the body. The spores of the fungi can be inhaled or it can land on your skin. As a consequences, fungal infections often start in the lungs or on the skin.

Signs and Symptoms

Redness or blisters on the affected area, The infected skin may be soft or layers may start to break down, The skin may scale and peel away, Itching, stinging or burning sensation in the infected area, Burning sensation or pain around the vagina during urination or intercourse, Unusual vaginal discharge, Redness in the groin, buttocks or thighs

Common Causes

Antibiotics, Stress, Hormone imbalance, Poor eating habits, Contact with someone who has a fungal infection

Risk Factors

Weakened immune system, People living with HIV/AIDS, Organ transplant patients, Cancer patients, Hospitalized patients, Stem cell transplant patients, Type 2 diabetes, Poor hygiene practices, Overcrowding, Having pets infected with fungus, Underlying blood disorders, Haemodialysis, Prolonged ICU stay, Total parenteral nutrition, Cytomegalovirus infection, Burns, Indwelling catheters, Steroids, Acute renal failure, Neonates and the elderly, Excessive sweating

Investigation Techniques

Physical examination, Full blood count, Serum creatinine, Serum urea, Plasma glucose level, Urinalysis, Microscopic examination of skin scraping, Fungal culture and susceptibility testing, Tissue biopsy, Lumbar puncture, Antigen and antibody testing, Chest x-ray, MRI scan of the chest, Molecular testing, Blood culture, Cerebrospinal fluid analysis

Treatment and Prevention

Antifungal cream, Oral antifungal tablets, Ensure glucose levels are controlled in the normal levels, Ensure good hygiene practices, Wear shoes that are not too tight with clean socks, Avoid sharing towels or bedding with an infected person, Always wash your hands after having contact with an infected person or animal.