Diltiazem

Information About Diltiazem

Uses of Diltiazem

Diltiazem is commonly used in the treatment of anal fissure, angina, arrhythmias, and hypertension. it is also used to relieve heart-related chest pain.

How Diltiazem Works

Diltiazem inhibits the influx of calcium ions during depolarization of the vascular smooth muscles and myocardium. This will then relax the coronary vascular muscles and cause coronary vasodilation. Diltiazem also blocks cardiac conduction at the AV and SA nodes.

Side Effects of Diltiazem

Dizziness, Headache, Flushing, Hypotension, Ankle edema, Bradycardia, Vomiting, Nausea, Photosensitivity, Diarrhea

Authorship

Written By

Dr Mohd Ramzdhan Bin Mohd Masdar

MD (Crimea State Medical University)

Reviewed By

Dr Nur Syuhada binti Zulkifli

MD, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Diltiazem Related Warnings

Alcohol Not Advisable

It is not advisable to use diltiazem with alcohol as the combination may have additive vasodilatory effects. Both lower the blood pressure and this can worsen dizziness, light-headedness and cause tachycardia or loss of consciousness.

Pregnancy Not Safe

Animal studies on rats, mice, and rabbits demonstrated that there is evidence of reproductive toxicity caused by diltiazem. However, there is limited data from human studies on the usage of diltiazem in pregnant women. Even though potential benefits may allow the usage despite the risks, it is best to avoid Diltiazem in pregnancy as well as in women of childbearing age.

Lactation Limited Data

It is recommended to avoid breastfeeding while on diltiazem as it is excreted at low concentration in breast milk. If diltiazem usage is deemed medically required, other method of infant feeding should be commenced.

Driving Not advisable

Do not drive unless you are feeling well. Diltiazem may cause side effects such as dizziness or tiredness, all of which could affect the ability to concentrate and drive.

Kidney Use With Care

Studies have shown that in patients with renal impairment, an increase of plasma concentration of diltiazem may be noted. At the commencement of the treatment, close monitoring is required and caution must be practiced.

Liver Limited Data

Studies have shown that in patients with liver insufficiency, an increase of plasma concentration of diltiazem may be noted. At the beginning of the treatment, close monitoring is required and caution must be practiced.