Disease Of Thyroid Gland

Medical Review

Written by: Dr. Von Chiao Wen Doctor of Medicine (MD), N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Reviewed by: Dr. Lee Chin Meng Doctor of Medicine (MD), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE)

Overview of Disease Of Thyroid Gland

Thyroid disorders are conditions that affect the thyroid gland which is situated in front of the neck as a butterfly-shaped gland. Many disorders are cancerous and non- cancerous. It also includes autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto Thyroiditis.

Signs and Symptoms of Disease Of Thyroid Gland

Fatigue, Frequent/ heavy menstrual periods, Forgetfulness, Weight gain, Dry/ coarse skin and hair, Hoarse voice, Intolerance to cold, Irritability/nervousness, Muscle weakness/tremors, Infrequent/ scant menstrual periods, Weight loss, Sleep disturbances, Enlarged thyroid gland, Vision problems or eye irritation, Heat sensitivity

Common Causes of Disease Of Thyroid Gland

Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Goiter, Thyroid nodules, Thyroid cancer

Risk Factors of Disease Of Thyroid Gland

Age and gender (women over 60 at high risk), Preexisting condition (autoimmune disease such as type 1 diabetes or celiac), Pituitary gland disorder, Pregnancy (women who are pregnant or who have had a baby in the past six months at high risk)

Investigation Techniques for Disease Of Thyroid Gland

Thyroid function test, Titers of anti-thyroglobulin/ anti-thyroperoxidase/ TSH receptor stimulating antibodies, Ultrasound, Radioactive iodine, Fine needle aspiration, and biopsy