Pain During Menstruation

Pain during menstruation is also known as dysmenorrhea. There are two types which are primary dysmenorrhea due to anatomical, functional and psychosomatic factors and secondary dysmenorrhea where the cause is due to underlying gynaecological condition.

Lower abdominal pain, Abdominal cramps, Back pain, Fatigue, Nausea, Vomiting, Pallor

Cervical stenosis, Chronic pelvic infections, Endometriosis, Pelvic adhesions, Adenomyosis, Uterine fibroid, Endometrial polyp, Intrauterine device

Age, Nulliparity, Heavy menstrual flow, Smoking

Abdominal and pelvic examination, Vaginal examination, Ultrasound, CT scan, Laparoscopy

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), Progesterone synthase inhibitors, Oral contraceptive pills, Dilation and curettage of cervix, Surgery depending on the condition and severity, Rest, Drink plenty of water, Apply heat pad, Stop smoking